CONJUGAT - Finnish Verb Conjugation Routines

New URL: http://www.iki.fi/~kartturi/conjugat/conjugat.htm

CONJUGATE - Finnish verb conjugation routines in C and C++

Copyright (C) (1993-1997) by Antti Karttunen.

Change 19. February 2003:: Now also the source code uses ä instead of { (left brace) and ö instead of | (Unix pipe-character).

Verb Pattern

Examples:
hyp* All verbs beginning with the letters hyp-
*mAtA All verbs ending either with the letters -mata or -mätä
????AA All verbs whose infinitive is six letters long and ends either with -aa or -ää

Verb Classes

Non-Finite Forms

Note: You can use PERSON & PLURAL from the table below to add an optional possessive suffix to Non-Finite forms. E.g. Use 2ND PERS and PLURAL to get the possessive suffix "-nne". However, don't check anything in columns VERIDICTION, MOOD or TENSE if you have selected any Non-Finite form from above, otherwise the results will be "funny".

Finite forms

VERIDICTION	MOOD	TENSE	PERSON	NUMBER
POS.	INDICATIVE	PRESENT	PASSIVE	SINGULAR
NEG.	IMPERATIVE	IMPERFECT	1ST PERS	PLURAL
	CONDITIONAL	PERFECT	2ND PERS
	POTENTIAL	PLUPERFECT	3RD PERS

Options

-c Print table of nominal cases from each selected non-finite form (use this when you have selected a specific non-finite form)
-o Print only the cases actually selected (use this when you have selected a specific non-finite or finite inflection from the option list or table above)
-s Print with special inflections (for debugging)
-t Print full table from each selected verb (all selected inflections are ignored)
[No options] Print predefined inflections (don't use this if you have selected some inflections by yourself)

Note: Don't use options -c or -t if you don't have limited the number of verbs selected either with a verb pattern or a verb classification. Printing out almost six thousand verbs in the table format will almost certainly jam your browser. However, you can view the precomputed table of all 6037 verbs in the database, (almost) fully conjugated. The file's size is about twenty megabytes.

Notes

These are a set of modules I wrote in C++ in the end of 1993. See the files under the directory http://www.iki.fi/~kartturi/conjugat/.
The basic functionality of these modules is to produce any required conjugation from a given stem (root) of the Finnish verb, which are given in http://www.iki.fi/~kartturi/conjugat/finverbs.new. In this implementation I am much indebted to

Eugene Holman's Handbook of Finnish Verbs

as well as to

Fred Karlsson's Finnish Grammar published by WSOY.

Of course I wrote all this before I had a slightest idea of Kimmo Koskenniemi's dissertation Two Level Morphology (1983) which describes much more generic and elegant method of both conjugating and analyzing, not only the Finnish verbs, but also all the nouns, adjectives, and other parts of speech as well.

You can send comments to me. or go back to my main page.